Augustan Poetry Essay -- Literature

Augustan Poetry Often through hardship and nearly insurmountable difficulty great works of art are born. Although years of bloodshed and civil war had plagued Rome since the death of Julius Caesar, some of the most powerful and influential literature in the western world was developed in that timeframe. During the Age of Augustus (approximately 43 BC – 17 AD) such great writers as Virgil, Horace, Livy, Propertius, and Ovid created epic masterpieces of literature and philosophy. It was through the collective efforts of these great poets and writers as well as Augustus himself, that the rise of a new facet of Roman literature was possible. Seeing the opportunity to foster a great rebirth of Roman culture (specifically literature), Augustus and his closest advisor Maecenas created a situation advantageous for the great writers of the time to write (for the government) and profit from their skills. Augustus genuinely wanted lasting peace and a solid foundation for his new government, and so he es sentially helped out the writers who in turn, indirectly helped him. The great literature was not pure propaganda for Augustus (although it was a little biased towards him) but from this revival of Roman identity through a revolution in literature, Augustus was able to ensure a great deal of peace, pride, prosperity, and power from his people and respect from the rest of the ancient world. The great literary resurgence of the Augustan Age would not have been possible without the great writers of the time. Some of the most influential, persuasive, and powerful writing emerged out of Caesar’s murder, the civil wars, and the peace thereafter. Virgil was the first to begin the literary explosion as he claimed a classic Greek style of ... ...d evolution of society in Rome, Ovid tore literature’s power, and his own success, to shreds. Although it ultimately came to an end, the Augustan Age created some of the most influential, powerful, and beautiful works of western literature of all time. The environment created by Augustus and Maecenas, the unfathomable skills of the writers and their willingness to adventure, explore, and take risks, to benefit Roman culture led to (probably) the greatest collection of literature the western world has ever seen. Works Cited Wikimedia Foundation. â€Å"Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia.† Last Updated: May 21, 2004. Date Visited: May 20, 2004. Wheelock, Frederic M. 6th Edition Wheelock’s Latin. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, Inc. 2000. Conte, Gian B. Latin Literature: A History. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. 1994.

Filter, Power Divider

Outline 1.? Introduction 2.? Literature Review – Transmission Lines (Microstrip Line/ CPW/ SIW) – Resonator, Filter, Power Divider 3. SIW Resonator Designs – Comparison of Transmission Line Performance – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Resonators 4.? SIW Filter and Power Divider Designs – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Filter and Power Divider 5. Conclusion and Recommendations 1 Outline 1.? Introduction 2.? Literature Review – Transmission Lines (Microstrip Line/ CPW/ SIW) – Resonator, Filter, Power Divider 3. SIW Resonator Designs Comparison of Transmission Line Performance – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Resonators 4.? SIW Filter and Power Divider Designs – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Filter and Power Divider 5. Conclusion and Recommendations 2 1. Introduction †¢? Background O As consequence of the rapid development in wireless communication market, various devices need to integrate wirel ess standards.Demand on wireless devices to support these multi-standard operations with [2]  § Low insertion loss  § sharp selectivity  § Proper compact size  § Low cost O Band-pass filters  § primarily used in wireless transmitters and receivers  § imit the bandwidth of the output signal to the minimum necessary to convey data at the desired speed and in the desired form  § also used in bio-photonic, medical analytical, chemical, pharmaceutical area etc O Power dividers  § passive microwave components used for power division  § Divide input signal into two signals of lesser power. The coupler may be a three port component with or without loss  § usually of the equal-division type, which is 3dB, but unequal power division ratio is also possible [4] 3 1. Introduction †¢? Motivation O Why 60GHz  § First published by Indian physicist J. C. Bose 1895  § In 1947, US physicist J.H. Van Vleck observed that the oxygen molecule absorbs electromagnetic more energ y at 60-GHz than at other frequencies [6]  § Mainly driven by military and space applications 1960s to 1980s [7]  § From mid-1990s, interest in fixed broadband wireless access for last mile connectivity advanced 60-GHz radio technology [8] O Why SIW filter and power divider  § Conventional technologies: either not able to present required performance or too expensive  § SIW: as an attractive technology for low cost, high Q-factor, relatively high power, and high density integration of microwave and millimeter-wave components and sub-systems [10]-[12]. SIW filters have a low in-band insertion loss and a wide stopband performance.  § SIW power dividers not only achieve the small size but also realize transmitting a defined amount of the electromagnetic to another two ports.4 1. Introduction †¢? Objective O Study literature review of structures, applications and analyzing methods of SIW O Investigate the basic structure of different transmission lines by designing reson ators O Extend the synthesis method to design of SIW filter and power divider †¢? †¢? Design and discuss SIW Filter at 60GHz with bandwidth 3 GHz Design and discuss SIW Power divider at 60GHz with 3 GHz Outline 1.? Introduction 2.? Literature Review – Transmission Lines (Microstrip Line/ CPW/ SIW) – Resonator, Filter, Power Divider 3. SIW Resonator Designs – Comparison of Transmission Line Performance – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Resonators 4.? SIW Filter and Power Divider Designs – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Filter and Power Divider 5. Conclusion and Recommendations 6 2. Literature Review †¢? Transmission Line O A device designed to carry electric energy from one to another, is used to transfer the output radio frequency energy of a transmitter to a receiver [15]. ? Microstrip Line OOne of the most popular types of the electrical TLs O convey microwave-frequency signals O support a good quasi-TEM wave O In practi cal applications, the dielectric substrate is electrically very thin, which is much smaller than the wavelength 7 2. Literature Review †¢? Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) O Characteristic dimensions of a CPW are the central strip width W and the width of the slots s. GCPW is formed when a ground plane is provided on the opposite side of the dielectric. O CPW is easy to be integrated in the IC design. O Conventional Technologies: †¢? ? CPW GCPW †¢? Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Mircostrip/CPW/GCPW: small size but not efficient enough in high frequency applications, wavelength at high frequencies are small Retangular waveguide: high Q-factors and power capability but voluminous and difficult for highdensity integration and difficult manufacturing process O SIW is a transition between microstrip and dielectric-filled waveguide.Dielectric filled waveguide is converted to SIW by the help of vias for the side walls of the waveguide [2] †¢? high Q-factor, low insertion loss, and high power capability 8 . Literature Review †¢? Resonator O A device exhibits behavior of oscillating at some frequencies, called its resonant frequencies, with greater amplitude than at others. †¢? †¢? It is used to either generate waves of specific frequencies or select specific frequencies from a signal [4].Resonant frequencies O Quality- or Q-factor is defined as a dimensionless parameter, in terms of the ratio of the energy stored in the resonator to the energy supplied by a generator per cycle, describing how under-damped a resonator is [4]. †¢? The unloaded Q-factor (Qu) [21] 2. Literature Review †¢? Filter O Band-pass filter is a device that passes frequencies within a certain range and attenuates frequencies outside that range [4]. O SIW is constructed with linear arrays of metalized via-holes rooted in the same substrate used for the planar circuit [13]. SIWs, combines the merits of all these structures, microstrip line or coplanar wavegu ide, and rectangular waveguide, are built onto the same substrate. The transition is formed with a comparable straightforward matching geometry between both structures. †¢? Power Divider OPower divider, a passive device used in the field of radio technology, couples a defined amount of the electromagnetic power in a transmission line to another port [27]. O SIW power divider, with optimum frequency selectivity, small size, low cost and high stopband attenuation, have been used for mobile and satellite communications systems. T-junction Y-junction 10 Outline 1.? Introduction 2.? Literature Review – Transmission Lines (Microstrip Line/ CPW/ SIW) – Resonator, Filter, Power Divider 3. SIW Resonator Designs – Comparison of Transmission Line Performance – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Resonators 4.?SIW Filter and Power Divider Designs – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Filter and Power Divider 5. Conclusion and Recommendations 11 3. SIW R esonator Designs †¢? Comparison of Transmission Line Performance Microstrip Line CPW SIW 12 3. SIW Resonator Designs †¢? Comparison of Transmission Line Performance Characteristic Bandwidth Q factor Loss Power capacity Physical size Ease of fabrication Integration with other component Cost Waveguide Narrow High Low1 High Large, heavy Hard Hard4 High Microstrip Wide Low High Low Small Easy2 Easy5 Low CPW Wide Low High Low Small Fair3 Easy6 Low SIW Narrow High Low High Small Fair Easy LowAnnotation [4]: †¢? Dielectric of waveguide is air; Skin effect of waveguide is small †¢? Microstrip can use printed circuit board technology †¢? Ground of CPW locates at the top, the discontinuity will affect the result. However, compared to SIW, wire holes are not needed. †¢? Special couplings at the joints are required for waveguide to assure proper operation †¢? Microstrip is susceptible to cross-talk and unintentional radiation †¢? CPW presents greater isol ation than microstrip 13 3. SIW Resonator Designs †¢? Design of SIW Resonators – Substrate dielectric constant (? r) is fixed at 11. Silicon – Copper conductivity of 5. 800Ãâ€"107 siemens/m O Design Strategy of Single-row Via SIW Resonator For a resonant frequency of 60 GHz for the TE101 dominant mode by simply indexing m =1, n = 0, l = 1 [18] The calculation result is L = W = 1. 025mm. 14 3. SIW Resonator Designs †¢? Design of SIW Resonators O Result and Discussion of Single-row Via SIW Resonator Ideal material: Lossless substrate and perfect conductor The loss tangent of AGC and the bulk conductivity of Silicon are both set to be zero. Moreover, perfect conductor layers are placed at most top and bottom of the structure.Similarly, the material of metallic vias is defined as perfect conductor as well. By using as as illustrated earlier, the result is calculated In this ideal case, and involved. Based on the formula, are not radiation Q-factor is 492. 23 15 3. SIW Resonator Designs †¢? Design of SIW Resonators O Result and Discussion of Single-row Via SIW Resonator Non-ideal material: Only with conductor loss For substrate, dielectric loss tangent of AGC and bulk conductivity of Silicon are set to be zero. The copper layers with bulk conductivity of 5. *107 siemens/m are placed at most top and bottom of the structure. Moreover, the material of via is changed to copper as well. By using calculated as as illustrated earlier, the result is In this case, is not involved. Based on the formulas, we can get 16 3. SIW Resonator Designs †¢? Design of SIW Resonators O Result and Discussion of Single-row Via SIW Resonator Non-ideal material: Lossy substrate and non-perfect conductor set the loss tangent of AGC is fixed at 0. 003 and bulk conductivity of Silicon is 0. 02, which means all the loss of substrate is considered in this experiment.Meanwhile, the copper is defined as the material of layers, which are placed at most top and bott om of the structure and via defenses through the substrate. In this experiment, all losses, including radiation loss, non-ideal metal loss and substrate loss are considered here. By using , we have 17 3. SIW Resonator Designs †¢? Design of SIW Resonators – Substrate dielectric constant (? r) is fixed at 11. 9 Silicon – Copper conductivity of 5. 800Ãâ€"107 siemens/m O Design Strategy of Double-row Via SIW Resonator For a resonant frequency of 60 GHz for the TE101 dominant mode by simply indexing m =1, n = 0, l = 1 [18]The calculation result is L = W = 1. 025mm. 18 3. SIW Resonator Designs †¢? Design of SIW Resonators O Result and Discussion of Double-row Via SIW Resonator Ideal material: Lossless substrate and perfect conductor The loss tangent of AGC and the bulk conductivity of Silicon are both set to be zero. Moreover, perfect conductor layers are placed at most top and bottom of the structure. Similarly, the material of metallic vias is defined as perfect conductor as well. By using calculated as as illustrated earlier, the result is In this ideal case, and involved. Based on the formula, are not radiation Q-factor equals to 641. 6 19 3. SIW Resonator Designs †¢? Design of SIW Resonators O Result and Discussion of Double-row Via SIW Resonator Non-ideal material: Only with conductor loss For substrate, dielectric loss tangent of AGC and bulk conductivity of Silicon are set to be zero. The copper layers with bulk conductivity of 5. 8*107 siemens/m are placed at most top and bottom of the structure. Moreover, the material of via is changed to copper as well. By using calculated as as illustrated earlier, the result is In this case, is not involved. Based on the formulas, we can get 20 3. SIW Resonator Designs †¢? Design of SIW Resonators OResult and Discussion of Double-row Via SIW Resonator Non-ideal material: Lossy substrate and non-perfect conductor set the loss tangent of AGC is fixed at 0. 003 and bulk conductivity of Si licon is 0. 02, which means all the loss of substrate is considered in this experiment. Meanwhile, the copper is defined as the material of layers, which are placed at most top and bottom of the structure and via defenses through the substrate. In this experiment, all losses, including radiation loss, non-ideal metal loss and substrate loss are considered here. By using , we have 21 3. SIW Resonator Designs †¢? Design of SIW ResonatorsO Comparison of Single-/Double-row Via Resonator Double-row via structure obviously decreases the loss compared to single-row via. The main difference of Q-factors is the radiation Q-factor, which means the radiation loss is the most affection of the SIW. Conductor and dielectric Q-factor are only slightly changed with the error around 3. 5% from the single- to double-row SIW. Hence, the conductor loss and dielectric loss basically are not significant issue for the losses of the SIW comparing with the radiation loss because of the leakage through the gaps since the presence of gaps in the side walls.These results also match that higher Q-factor indicates a lower rate of energy loss relative to the stored energy, which demonstrates the validity of the experiments and the results. 22 Outline 1.? Introduction 2.? Literature Review – Transmission Lines (Microstrip Line/ CPW/ SIW) – Resonator, Filter, Power Divider 3. SIW Resonator Designs – Comparison of Transmission Line Performance – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Resonators 4.? SIW Filter and Power Divider Designs – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Filter and Power Divider 5. Conclusion and Recommendations 23 4. SIW Filter and Power Divider Designs †¢?Design of SIW Filters O Design strategy of SIW filter The proposed filter is constructed based on the SIW resonator at 60 GHz. The filter is designed and simulated using HFSS software. †¢? †¢? †¢? To achieve a -3 dB bandwidth of 3 GHz. To achieve a good passband wi th small insertion loss 15 dB Here in filter structure, length doubles the size which is 2. 250mm and width w remains the same 1. 025mm. 24 4. SIW Filter and Power Divider Designs †¢? Design of SIW Filters O Result and Discussion of SIW filter When increasing the distance between the middle of the vias, the two resonant poles are separated to each other more. 25 4.SIW Filter and Power Divider Designs †¢? Design of SIW Filters O Result and Discussion of SIW filter †¢? †¢? †¢? †¢? Center frequency = 62. 9 GHz. Bandwidth = 3. 4 GHz (60. 8 ~ 64. 2 GHz). Insertion loss = 0. 89 dB within the passband. Return loss = 17. 8 dB within the passband. †¢? Achieve a wide and deep upper-stopband with an insertion loss >15. 0dB. 26 4. SIW Filter and Power Divider Designs †¢? Design of SIW Power Dividers O Design strategy of SIW power dividers The proposed filter is constructed based on the SIW resonator at 60 GHz. The filter is designed and simulated using HFSS software. †¢? †¢? †¢? To achieve a -3 dB bandwidth of 3 GHz.To achieve a good passband with small insertion loss around 3 dB To achieve a wide and deep upper-stopband with an insertion loss >15 dB The proposed Y-junction power divider is a SIW equivalent of a bifurcated waveguide junction fed by a symmetrical step junction. The distance between two discontinues can be optimized to achieve low insertion loss [28]. 27 4. SIW Filter and Power Divider Designs †¢? Design of SIW Power Dividers O Result and Discussion of SIW power dividers †¢? †¢? †¢? †¢? Center frequency = 62. 5 GHz. Bandwidth = 3. 7 GHz (60. 5 ~ 64. 2 GHz). Insertion loss = 3. 87 dB within the passband. Return loss = 10. 5 dB within the passband. †¢? Achieve a wide and deep upper-stopband with an insertion loss >15. 0dB. 28 Outline 1.? Introduction 2.? Literature Review – Transmission Lines (Microstrip Line/ CPW/ SIW) – Resonator, Filter, Power Divide r 3. SIW Resonator Designs – Comparison of Transmission Line Performance – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Resonators 4.? SIW Filter and Power Divider Designs – Design, Result and Discussion of SIW Filter and Power Divider 5. Conclusion and Recommendations 29 4. Conclusion and Future Works †¢? Conclusion O SIW single- and double-row resonators have been designed and compared.The results matched that higher Q-factor indicates a lower rate of energy loss relative to the stored energy, which demonstrates the validity of the experiments and the results. O W band SIW filter has been designed, evaluated and optimized by HFSS software. The centre frequency of the proposed filter is designed at 62. 9 GHz with a 3 dB bandwidth of 3. 4 GHz (60. 8~64. 2 GHz). O W band SIW power divider has been realized based on the structure of the filter. The power divider is at centre frequency 62. 5 GHz with a 3 dB bandwidth of 3. 7 GHz from 60. 5 to 64. 2 GHz. 30 4. Conclusi on and Future Works †¢?Recommendation for Future Works O The numerical analysis may be done for the proposed structures. O The structures can be fabricated and measured to demonstrate the practical realization of the structures. O The insertion loss the filter may be improved based on further modification. O It is possible to widen the bandwidth of the filter. O Other matching networks may be considered to realize better performance of the filter. O Small and efficient filters may be designed based on the modification of the proposed structure. O Balun may be designed based on the proposed SIW power divider. 31 Thank You! 32

The Last of the Mohicans as an American Romance Essay

The Last of the Mohicans as an American Romance In the 1820s, the Romantic Movement emerged in the United States as an embodiment of the American spirit after a second war with Britain. Although the Romantic Movement, or the American Renaissance, began to emerge decades after its European counterpart, elements of Romanticism can be traced to the chronicles of the first explorers who wrote about the beauty and mystery of the New World. Thematically, Romanticism is characterized by its longing for the past, and its idealization of nature. Romanticism has a tradition deeply rooted in the experience of the early settlers of the New England colonies. Forged by the conflicts faced early in its history, the American brand of†¦show more content†¦The image of Columbuss voyage epitomizes the romance as an individual who sets out on an adventure to a far away land and braves the unknown to arrive in paradise. He encounters an environment unspoiled by human development and a culture that coexists with nature. The langua ge of Columbus letter to Luis de Sanangel conveys romantic sentiments in its description of the majestic qualities of the Caribbean. This island and all the others are very fertile to a limitless degree, and this island is extremely so. In it there are many harbors on the coast of the sea, beyond comparison with others which I know in Christendom, and many rivers, good and large, which is marvelous. Its lands are high, and there are in it very many sierras and very lofty mountains, beyond comparison with the island of Tenerife. All are most beautiful, of a thousand shapes, and all are accessible and filled with trees of a thousand kinds and tall, and they seem to touch the sky. 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Globalization Myths and Threats - 559 Words

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Globalization today may have a stronger pace, which allowed for more wealth and touches more lives, also the concept of globalization is perfect with good ideas that when actualized it will bring about global peace, again, is a dream we accept forgetting our human truth. The idea of globalization is to unite the human race by making the world to see better future with abundance possibilities. On the contrary, globalization is something more purely economic phenomenon showing itself on a global scale. Actually, there are stronger international movement of goods and services, financial capital and people that we can visualize. 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After a long era in which the US dominated the international system as a hegemonic power, China started to rise and to gain more and more importanceRead MoreMotivating Employee Motivation For The Success Of An Organization1003 Words   |  5 PagesAn important factor that contributes to the success of an organization is employee motivation. Organizational size complexity, competition due to globalization, advancement in information technology has led managers to try to figure out ways to motivate employees to get the most out of them to stay competitive. Motivating employees is a challenging task as organization must deal with the diverse work force. Employees change their jobs frequently when employers don’t meet certain expectations

Questions On The Literature Review - 1322 Words

Table of Contents 1 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 2 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 The Fear of Allah 3 1.3 The Fear of Hell 3 1.4 The Fear of Apostasy 4 1.5 The Fear of their Life Situation 5 1.6 The Fear of Democracy 5 1.7 The Fear of the West 5 1.8 Al-Bassmala: the Verse of Mentioning the Name of God Being used to Instill fear in their Faithfuls 6 1.9 Surat Al-Ikhlas: Chapter 112, titled The Purity (of faith) Used by Muslim Leadership to inculcate Fear 13 1.10 Ayatul Kursi: The Verse of the Chair 15 1.11 Ayatun Nour: The Verse of the Light that Portrays Muslim God as light and anything else as Darkness that Must be Avoided at all Costs 20 Verses Mentioning God s Physical Characteristics as another weapon Subjugate Believers 24 1.12 Reference†¦show more content†¦They include: Chapter one Fear of the Foreign West Chapter two Fear of the Imam Chapter three Fear of Democracy Chapter six Fear of Freedom of Thought Chapter seven Fear of Individualism Chapter eight Fear of the Past Chapter nine Fear of the Present In looking at numerous of these groups, it is clear that the regular Muslim stays in fear. This is particularly factual to those who currently reside within the West. Here are 6 basis why Islam is a religion of fear. 1.2 The Fear of Allah He is not the affectionate God that we learn in Christianity except one who reigns by means of an iron fist. The Koran informs the readers that they must fear Allah. Not only do they fear their God but also they are deadly fearful of being forever ruined by an enraged Allah. Their religion does not present much guarantee of salvation (Abu-Raiya, Pargament, 2011, p. 95). The simply Muslims assured a spot in Heaven is those who pass on in a Jihad or those who pass on when on a pilgrimage to Mecca. They trust they will be permitted into Heaven, except there is no assurance. This is why Islam is the peak of a works religion. They have to do each that the Koran informs them to perform if they are going to have any possibility of entering Heaven (Abu-Raiya, Pargament, 2011, p. 103). 1.3 The Fear of Hell According to Qutb, (1996) In Islam, Hell is explained in

Corporate Responsibility Is a Part of the Business Approach

Question: How Service Providers Should Maintain Effective Communication With The Clients? Answer: Introducation: At the current scenario, the emergence of child labor has become a raising issue due to which large number of children has to face violence after being associated with a private firm. Due to the social and economic barrier people, belonging to the backward society has to impose their children in earning bread and butter for their family. In this kind of situation, the social life balance is getting hampered day by day. Large sections of people tend to involve themselves in business firms rather than developing their skills and competencies. In this kind of situation, the society is getting underdeveloped day by day. This particular study has provided an in-depth analysis about this specific social issue (Schneider and Schmidpeter 2012). Child labor has become an emerging issue at the current scenario. After the evaluation of this social problem, large number of organizations has stretched their hands to deal with these kinds of social issues. In this specific study, Red Cross has been selected as the chosen organization. As per the current market scenario of Red Cross this particular organization is one of the largest and recognizable brands (redcross.org.au. 2017). This particular organization primarily aims to grab their brand identity and image by fulfill various corporate social responsibility (Carroll 2015). While running their entire business process in the market Red Cross primarily deals with various corporate social responsibilities. Re-connecting families, disaster recovery, child rescue are the necessary activities that this particular organization tends to follow. Among all these corporate responsibility approaches, the issue of child labor is most emerging at the current scenario. The research and development team of Red Cross has observed that millions of children belonging to the backward society tend to invest their entire attention in a business firm. As a result, they get little scope to maintain their e ducation process (Aguinis and Glavas 2012). In this kind of situation, this particular organization has decided to stand beside those children who have to take the burden of their family. In order to deal with those children Red Cross has implemented various approaches towards corporate (Cheng, Ioannou and Serafeim 2014). On one hand, their approaches help to develop the mind of society people; on the other hand, Red Cross is able to grab the attention in global market after evaluating these corporate responsibilities. Goals and objective of CR approach: Corporate responsibility is a part of business approach that primarily helps a business organization to establish their brand in the global market with the help of maintaining some of the major corporate ethics and responsibilities. People belonging to different geographical market cannot be aware of the products and service process of an organization (Dhaliwal et al. 2012). Therefore, in order to grab the attention of people belonging to different geographical market corporate responsibility can be considered as one of the most effective business strategy and policy. The primary goal of corporate responsibility approach is constituted with two factors. On one hand, the organization like Red Cross gets the scope to achieve the recognition of their brands and products. On the other hand, the business organization helps to resolve the emerging social problems in order to maintain balance within the society. Based on that particular social problem that is child labor this organization h as raised their voice fervently (Brammer, Jackson and Matten 2012). Red Cross is successful to rescues thousands of children from the private firm and gives them a social peaceful life. After this kind of initiative, this organization has achieved immense recognition and prestige in the market of Australia and beyond Australia as well. However, the primary objectives of CR approaches are as follows: To gain the organizational reputation in the international market by spreading their hands towards the development of society To educate the society so that the people can get the right path for their further progress To provide some of the major recommendations on how the society can be developed by taking some of the most effective measures In this particular study, the various goals and objectives of maintaining CR approach for Red Cross has been highlighted. Red Cross being one of the most prestigious non-profit brands prevailing in the market of Australia has focused to maintain CR approach in order to enhance their entire business process (Servaes and Tamayo 2013). It has been observed that child labor in the market of Australia is an emerging social issue. Larger number of non-profit organizations is taking initiatives in order to resolve this issue. Therefore, Red Cross being a reputed brand had to face major market threat from its competitors. In this kind of situation, the business experts have decided to take an effective step regarding this specific issue. The organizations experts have arranged to make an effective counseling session with the parents of those children in order to make them understand about the value of education (Singh 2016). Ethical consideration: In order to run the business process in the market every organization has to follow a proper ethics, values and beliefs. People belonging to different geographical boundaries tend to face this kind of issue like child labor. Therefore, as per the organizational ethics Red Cross has to pay equal priority and response to every kind of people belonging to different religions and attitudes (Mirvis 2012). However, while leading the organization in the market of Australia Red Cross should follow some of the major ethical considerations and that are as follows: Service providers should maintain effective communication with the clients: After conducting an effective survey it has been evaluated that large number of children have to support their parents to lead the members of family. People belonging to different geographical boundaries can take an effective service of Red Cross. Therefore, the service providers are responsible to maintain an effective communication with the clients. Clients may be from different geographical corners having various linguistic styles. Therefore, the customer service executives have to be flexible in various languages so that they can handle the problems of different clients (Kilkenny 2014). In order to maintain equality the business experts of Red Cross has instructed the customers service executives to follow both verbal and non-verbal communication. The persons who are having language barrier can maintain an effective non-verbal communication so that they can express their needs. One of the most recognizable factors of Red Cross is that the organization is much flexible in dealing with the clients of different geographical markets (Jo and Harjoto 2012). After rescuing the children the organizational experts can provide benefits and facilities for maintaining their higher education: As per the ethical beliefs of Red Cross, rescuing those children from being exploited to a business owner is not the only mission of business experts. After rescuing those children, Red Cross tends to provide necessary facilities and benefits to the children either by cash or by kinds so that those children can settle down in their career (Ju?ius and Snieka 2015). In addition, the organization is very much flexible to communicate with the parents in order to make them understand about the importance of education and skill. It is evident that this specific initiative has saved large number of children from being tortured in the hand of firm owners. Red Cross should follow necessary acts and regulations at the workplace as well for the benefit of employees Along with the outside service process, Red Cross should follow corporate responsibility towards their employees as well. In order to render the success of business the employee performance is one of the most effective factors based on which a specific organization set a goal (Salib et al. 2015). However, large number of employees is intimately associated within the service process of Red Cross. Therefore, the organization has decided to implement some of the major acts and regulations at the workplace such as health and safety act, right to information act, anti-discrimination act, data protection act and gender equity act. Key sites of value creation: In order to enhance the performance level of employees the business experts of Red Cross tends to follow some of the major values in order to get quality service from the employees. Value creation is the business strategy and policy with the help of which the performance level of the employees can be enhanced. This particular strategy motivates the employees towards reaching the business goal (Bank 2012). However, the key sites of value creation that Red Cross tends to follow include skilled corporate management, incentives for the individual employees, growth of financial resource, structured corporate governance and so many. In order to gain the trust and image of an organization Red Cross has maintained their corporate management process effectively in the market. Millions of children who had been exploited in the hands of business owners had been rescued. As a result, people belonging to different geographical boundaries would have been treated with equal respect and dignity. As per the value creation strategy of Red Cross, it is undeniable that employees play a major role in rendering the performance of an organization. Therefore, employees motivation is one of the most effective factors based on which employees can be encouraged towards the business process (Hopkins 2012). Employees of Red Cross get incentives and other rewards and recognitions while providing good services towards the business organizations. On one hand, the organization is getting benefited. On the other, employees receives immense courage for performing well towards the business process. Summary: While maintaining the corporate responsibilities Red Cross had to face innumerable challenges in order to make the business strategy successful. After identifying the social problem, the business experts intended to visit the residence of those parents first. As per the concept of those parents the education and mental development is less important than earning money. In order to lead a family children have to work hard. Therefore, to some extent parents are helpless in this kind of situation. However, after collecting data from the parents, the volunteers of Red Cross intended to take an effective session with those parents. While conducting the session the concerned persons had to face innumerable difficulties. Parents were unable to make an effective response to the volunteers due to their language barrier. On the other hand, their way of approach was not very much suitable for the employees of Red Cross to an effective communication. However, despite facing innumerable challenges the volunteers intended to take an effective measure for convincing the parents. At the same time, it is also undeniable that people belonging to different geographical markets have issues with psychology. Red Cross as per their ethical issue was not restricted within certain geographical boundaries. Therefore, in order to expand their entire process of business in various geographical markets the business experts had to design their service process in an innovative way. As a result, the customers of different psychological backgrounds and beliefs can use the service. However, before gathering data regarding the current needs and demands of market, this particular business organization had to make an effective marker review. The survey executives had to face innumerable difficulties while collecting necessary information regarding the needs and demands of the customers belonging to various boundaries and markets. Reference List: Aguinis, H. and Glavas, A., 2012. What we know and dont know about corporate social responsibility a review and research agenda.Journal of management,38(4), pp.932-968. Bank, D., 2012. Corporate social responsibility.retrieved on,19(12), p.2012. Brammer, S., Jackson, G. and Matten, D., 2012. Corporate social responsibility and institutional theory: New perspectives on private governance.Socio-economic review,10(1), pp.3-28. Carroll, A.B., 2015. Corporate social responsibility.Organizational Dynamics,44(2), pp.87-96. Cheng, B., Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2014. Corporate social responsibility and access to finance.Strategic Management Journal,35(1), pp.1-23. Dhaliwal, D.S., Radhakrishnan, S., Tsang, A. and Yang, Y.G., 2012. Nonfinancial disclosure and analyst forecast accuracy: International evidence on corporate social responsibility disclosure.The Accounting Review,87(3), pp.723-759. Hopkins, M., 2012.The planetary bargain: Corporate social responsibility matters. Routledge. Jo, H. and Harjoto, M.A., 2012. The causal effect of corporate governance on corporate social responsibility.Journal of business ethics,106(1), pp.53-72. Ju?ius, V. and Snieka, V., 2015. Influence of corporate social responsibility on competitive abilities of corporations.Engineering Economics,58(3). Kilkenny, S., 2014. Corporate Social Responsibility.Network Journal,21(3), p.24. Mirvis, P.H., 2012. Corporate Social Responsibility.The Encyclopedia of Human Resource Management: Short Entries, pp.153-159. Mousavi, Z., Beiranvand, F., Moeinfar, Z. and Amouzesh, N., 2013. Corporate Social Responsibility.Life Sci J,10(6s), pp.8-10. Redcross.org.au. 2017.Humanitarian Aid - Donate or Join Us | Australian Red Cross. [online] Available at: https://www.redcross.org.au/ [Accessed 13 May 2017]. Salib, J., Sun, D., Wu, J., Wen, X. and Huang, C.C., 2015. Corporate Social Responsibility. Schneider, A. and Schmidpeter, R., 2012. Corporate social responsibility.Verantwortliche Unternehmensfhrung in der Praxis, Berlin ua. Servaes, H. and Tamayo, A., 2013. The impact of corporate social responsibility on firm value: The role of customer awareness.Management Science,59(5), pp.1045-1061. Singh, B.J.R., 2016. Corporate social responsibility in India.International Journal of Higher Education Research Development,

Shirley JacksonS The Lottery Essays - Dystopian Literature, Films

Shirley Jackson'S ?The Lottery? Shirley Jackson's ?The Lottery?, raises many questions in the back of a reader's mind towards the destructive yet blind rituals of mankind. ?The Lottery? clearly expresses Jackson's feelings concerning mankind's evil nature hiding behind traditions and rituals. She shows how coldness and lack of compassion in people can exhibit in situations regarding tradition and values. Jackson presents the theme of the short story with the use of symbols and setting. The setting of ?The Lottery? supports the theme. Settings are constructed to help build the mood and foreshadow things to come. In the lottery though, the setting foreshadows exactly the opposite of what is to come. The story begins with a description of a seemingly cheerful environment. Jackson creates a comfortable atmosphere by describing the activities of the residents of the town. She describes children breaking into ?boisterous play and their talk still of the classroom? (310). Men and women are gathered in the center of the town talking about farming and taxes or into gossip. The date of the story is June twenty-seventh which Helen E. Nebeker states in American Literature, has ?symbolic overtones which alerts us to the season of the summer solstice with all its overtones of ancient ritual? (102). Jackson's description of the setting supports the theme of the story by showing how mankind is capable of cruel acts regardless of their environment. Symbolism in the story also supports the theme of ?The Lottery?. The very names of the characters in the story are laden with meaning. The names of Summers, Graves, Warner, Delacroix and Hutchinson hint at the true nature of the characters. Mrs. Delacroix's name means of the cross in Latin; therefore hinting at Tessie's sacrificial killing. Even tough Mrs. Delacroix seems to be a friend to Mrs. Hutchinson it is she who is shown to pick up the largest rock and promotes other people to stone Tessie. Mr. Summers' name symbolizes life but in reality it is he who is in charge of the lottery which instead of giving life to its winner it gives death. Graves is the man who carries in the black box and the three-legged stool. His name hints to what will happen to Tessie Hutchinson. It is also from Mr. Graves whom the citizens get the papers from, therefore it is almost like he is the one who has the most influence over whose grave it will be next. Old Man Warner, as his name indicates, warns the villagers of the unknown danger of stopping the yearly ritual. The irony here is that even though the old are know for being wise, Old Man Warner seems to be a very ignorant and superstitious being who blindly follows tradition. The names of all the prominent characters in ?The Lottery? support the idea that everybody hides their evil nature by way of hypocrisy. Tessie Hutchinson's character also provides considerable information on the theme of the story. Her name reminds one of the historical Anne Hutchinson not only because of the name but also because of the small town setting. Anne Hutchinson was a willing martyr who died for her religion and was exiled from her town. Tessie Hutchinson though may at first of the story appear to be a very good-natured and good human being by the way she comes in to the story. She comes in jokingly kidding with a friend of hers about how she almost forgot about the lottery but as soon as she remembered came running. Tessie seems to be a willing participant at the start but when her family's mane is drawn she shows her true nature. Instead of trying to protect her children she instead demands that her married daughter take part in the drawing just to improve her own chances of survival. Mrs. Hutchinson is a perfect example of how evil exists in everyone and when pushed it can take a mother to risk her own child's safety. The symbolism found in the black box is a key point in understanding the importance of tradition in the theme of ?The Lottery?. The introduction of the black box into the story changes the mood and atmosphere of the crowd of people. The reason